INTRODUCTION

Titrimetry is a quantitative technique where a solution of known composition containing a reagent—the titrant—is quantitatively added to a defined quantity of a sample solution that contains an unknown amount of the analyte. The known reaction between titrant and analyte proceeds stoichiometrically until, ideally, the amount (volume) of titrant added is equivalent to the amount of analyte in the sample. In practice, the detection method(s) used in manual titrations indicate(s) endpoints, rather than equivalence points achieved by automatic titrations. The volume of the titrant consumed by the analyte present in the sample and the known reaction chemistry are used to calculate the amount of analyte.