The proliferation and spread of substandard and falsified (SF) medical products has been and continues to be a growing global concern. Examples have been reported on a range of SF medicinal products, including but not limited to essential medicines. These products threaten global public health by jeopardizing patient safety, adding to the cost of care, diminishing confidence in health workers and systems, increasing the risk of treatment failure, wasting valuable resources, and contributing to the development of drug resistance.